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Agricultural Engineering, involves the application of engineering to the production, processing, preservation, and handling of food, feed, and fiber. It also includes the transfer of engineering technology for the development and welfare of rural areas and farming community. The major fields of Agricultural Engineering are:
Farm Machinery and Power Engineering include design, development, and testing of farm machines, implements, tools and equipment related to various crops and various crop cultivation operations which helps to reduce the time required for agriculture operations, reduce the cost of operation and reduce the drudgery of agriculture worker and their by increasing farm mechanization. Day by day the adoption of agricultural mechanization in India is increasing continuously in all the crops. Shortage of agriculture labours results in increasing the wages is the main reason behind this.
Soil and water conservation Engineering includes the engineering involved for the management of soil and water which are the basic natural resources that sustain life on earth and pre-requisite for agriculture. The soil, plant, and water interactions are pivotal to enhancing productivity to meet the challenge of food security. The soil and water engineers (SWE) play an important role in understanding and quantifying these interactions. The knowledge of these interactions and nature with the SWE makes them experts in the field of irrigation water management, watershed management, water resources management, climate change, climate control production systems, hydrology and its modelling etc.
Agriculture Process and Food Engineering includes processing and value addition in agriculture produce and products which helps in increasing the net return. Through this one can focus on food security and nutritional security and thus, the role of Agricultural Engineers in food processing sector becomes utmost important. Day by day food processing industry in increasing in India accounts for about 10% of India’s GDP and employs around 15 million people.
Energy & other Energy Sources involves various renewable and non-renewable energy sources like Renewable Energy Sources viz; Solar, Wind, Biomass, Ocean, Micro hydro has the potential and advantage of decentralized distribution of energy, and thereby empowering people at the grass roots level.
